TABLE 1.
Characteristics of Included Studies
| Study | Year | Medication | Sample Size | Design | Length of Treatment | Mean Age | Gender (% Male) | JADAD Score | Mean Dose (mg/d) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gordon et al46 | 1993 | Clomipramine (TCA) | 12 | Crossover | 5 wk | 10.4 y | 57 | 3 | 152 |
| McDougle et al47 | 1996 | Fluvoxamine (SSRI) | 30 | Parallel | 12 wk | 30.1 y | 90 | 4 | 277 |
| Remington et al48 | 2001 | Clomipramine (TCA) | 36 | Crossover | 7 wk | 16.4 y | 83 | 3 | 128 |
| Hollander et al49 | 2005 | Fluoxetine (SSRI) | 39 | Crossover | 8 wk | 8.2 y | 77 | 3 | 10.6 |
| King et al50 | 2009 | Citalopram (SSRI) | 149 | Parallel | 12 wk | 9.4 y | 86 | 5 | 16.5 |
| Functional MRI Evaluation of the Effect of Citalopram in Autism Spectrum Disorders,a NCT0060953135 | Active, not recruiting | Citalopram (SSRI) | 13 | Parallel | 12 wk | 22 y | Information not provided | 3 | 18.3 |
| McDougle et al,b unpublished52 | Completed | Fluvoxamine (SSRI) | 34 | Parallel | 12 wk | 5–18 | 85 | UK | 106.9 |
| Study of Fluoxetine in Autism (SOFIA),b NCT0051532043 | Completed 1/09 | Fluoxetine (SSRI) | 158 | Parallel | 14 wk | 5–17 y | UK | UK | UK |
| Study of Fluoxetine in Adults With Autistic Disorder,b NCT0002740444 | Completed 10/05 | Fluoxetine (SSRI) | 48 | Parallel | 12 wk | 18–65 y | UK | UK | UK |
| Fluvoxamine and Sertraline in Childhood Autism – Does SSRI Therapy Improve Behaviour and/or Mood?b NCT0065517445 | Completed 1/07 | Fluvoxamine (SSRI) | 108 | Parallel | Children were started on 12.5 mg. If no therapeutic effectiveness was observed after 8 wks, then the child’s dosage could be increased for an additional 8 wk | 3–10 y | UK | UK | 12.5 |
| Effectiveness of Early Intervention With Fluoxetine in Enhancing Developmental Processes in Children With Autism,b NCT0018333946 | Completed 2/08 | Fluoxetine (SSRI) | 19 | Parallel | 12 mo | 30–58 mo | UK | UK | 2–20 |
SSRI, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor; TCA, tricyclic antidepressant; UK, unknown.
a
We received trial data in response to our request for relevant data for this trial only.
b
Studies completed but unpublished. Requests were sent to the principal investigators for data associated with each of these trials.