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. 2011 Dec 16;52(13):9527–9533. doi: 10.1167/iovs.11-8631

Figure 4.

Figure 4.

(A) ELISA of TNF-α displaying significant increases in TNF-α-alone treatment levels. Treatment with salmeterol significantly decreased levels of TNF-α. Statistical significance was determined by the Mann-Whitney test (*P < 0.05 vs. untreated; #P < 0.05 vs. TNF-α alone, n = 5). (B) Mean densitometry of protein phosphorylation ratios for insulin receptor β was significantly decreased in TNF-α-treated cells, but treatment with 10 μM salmeterol significantly increased phosphorylation of the insulin receptor in Müller cells cultured in high glucose. (C) Western blot analysis showing a significant increase in the TNF-α-alone–treated cells. Treatment with salmeterol significantly increased the phosphorylation of Akt. Statistical significance was analyzed with a nonparametric, one-tailed t-test for Western blot analysis (*P < 0.05 vs. untreated; #P < 0.05 vs. TNF-α alone, n = 5).