Table 2.

Functional Outcome, Mean ± 95%CI

				p Value
	Preoperatively	12 months	Intermediate-term*	Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test†
Grip strength (kg)	11.0±9.9	12.9±12.0	12.4±13.5	0.692
Grip strength (%) of contralateral	71.4±52.3	57.2±36.7	77.4±38.7	0.301
Key pinch (kg)	6.3±2.9	8.4±3.0	4.8±4.2	0.182
Key pinch (%) of contralateral	91.3±16.0	82.7±41.0	95.7±17.6	0.129
Active arc of motion (°)	43°±16°	39°±19°	51°±24°	0.341

^*Intermediate-term: ≥ 24 months after operation (mean follow-up=44 months)

^†The p value was calculated using the Wilcoxon signed rank sum test for non-parametric paired samples comparing preoperative mean and intermediate-term means (significance at p < 0.05). Because normality could not be established, we applied the Wilcoxon signed rank sum test to confirm the t test result