Table 1.
Demographics and Baseline Characteristics of Study Participants
| Overall | Non-drug group (C) | Other antihypertensive drug group (O) | ACE-I Users | Diuretic Users | AT2RB Users | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | ||
| N | 2707 | 1318 (48) | 560 (21) | 309 (11) | 459 (17) | 61 (2) | |
| Age, mean (SD) | 78.5 ± 3.3 | 78.7 ± 3.3 | 78.6 ± 3.1 | 78.8 ± 3.4 | 78.6 ± 3.5 | .494 | |
| Gender | .000 | ||||||
| Male | 1476 (55) | 688 (52) | 380 (68) | 196 (63) | 182 (40) | 30 (49) | |
| Race | .027 | ||||||
| White | 2593 (96) | 1278 (97) | 531 (95) | 296 (96) | 430 (94) | 58 (95) | |
| Education | .063 | ||||||
| <12 yr | 293 (11) | 135 (10) | 53 (9) | 34 (11) | 61 (13) | 10 (16) | |
| =12 yr | 671 (25) | 309 (23) | 141 (25) | 83 (27) | 115 (25) | 23 (38) | |
| >12 yr | 1743 (64) | 874 (66) | 366 (65) | 192 (62) | 283 (62) | 28 (46) | |
| Income | .133 | ||||||
| <36000 | 706 (26) | 329 (25) | 148 (26) | 89 (29) | 125 (27) | 15 (25) | |
| 36000–52000 | 1332 (49) | 648 (49) | 269 (48) | 135 (44) | 245 (53) | 35 (57) | |
| >52500 | 658 (25) | 339 (26) | 141 (25) | 82 (27) | 86 (19) | 10 (16) | |
| Smoking | .043 | ||||||
| Never | 1080 (41) | 538 (41) | 208 (37) | 109 (35) | 204 (44) | 21 (34) | |
| Former | 1456 (54) | 697 (53) | 320 (57) | 174 (56) | 227 (49) | 38 (62) | |
| Current | 121 (5) | 63 (5) | 22 (4) | 19 (6) | 17 (4) | 0 (0) | |
| Hx HTN | 984 (36) | 57 (4) | 307 (55) | 238 (77) | 329 (72) | 53 (87) | .000 |
| Hx. DM | 216 (8) | 57 (4) | 40 (7) | 76 (25) | 33 (7) | 10 (16) | .000 |
| Hx. CAD | 481 (18) | 116 (9) | 180 (32) | 76 (25) | 92 (20) | 17 (28) | .000 |
| Hx. CVA | 77 (3) | 24 (2) | 15 (2) | 17 (6) | 19 (4) | 2 (3) | .003 |
| Hx. TIA | 189 (7) | 50 (4) | 55 (10) | 32 (10) | 43 (9) | 9 (15) | .000 |
| Hx. CHF | 37 (1) | 7 (1) | 9 (2) | 12 (4) | 9 (2) | 0 (0) | .000 |
| Hx. AF | 207 (8) | 65 (5) | 72 (13) | 34 (11) | 30 (7) | 6 (10) | .000 |
| BMI, mean (SD) | 26.9 ± 4.2 | 26.2 ± 4.0 | 27.1 ± 3.9 | 27.1 ± 4.1 | 28.3 ± 4.5 | 28.6 ± 4.4 | .000 |
| SBP, mean (SD) | 132.9 ± 18.2 | 130.6 ± 17.2 | 135.1 ± 18.9 | 135.2 ± 19.9 | 134.3 ± 17.4 | 141.4 ± 20.7 | .000 |
| DBP, mean (SD) | 69.0 ± 9.8 | 69.1 ± 9.4 | 69.2 ± 10.1 | 67.8 ± 10.9 | 68.8 ± 9.9 | 70.3 ± 10.5 | .195 |
| Se Creatinine, mean (SD) | 0.98 ± 0.23 | 0.94 ± 0.2 | 1.00 ± 0.23 | 1.05 ± 0.26 | 1.04 ± 0.26 | 0.98 ± 0.23 | .000 |
Values listed are N (percentage) or mean ± s.d.
P values are comparisons across 5 groups by ANOVA or Chi-square.
ACE-I = Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor, AT2RB = Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker.
HTN = Hypertension, DM = Diabetes Mellitus, CAD = Coronary Artery Disease including heart attack, angina, and coronary bypass surgery, CVA = Cerebrovascular Disease, TIA = Transient Ischemic Attack, CHF = Congestive Heart Failure, AF = Atrial Fibrillation.
BMI = Body Mass Index, SBP = Systolic Blood Pressure, DBP = Diastolic Blood Pressure.