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. 2012 Mar 26;3:59. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2012.00059

Figure 1.

Figure 1

The role of innate immune cells in HIV-1 infection largely depends on PRR expression. Innate immune cells reside in mucosal and submucosal tissue. DCs internalize HIV-1 and migrate to the lymph node to transfer virus to CD4+ T cells and this process is mediated by DC-SIGN. Immature LCs express Langerin, which promotes viral degradation in Birbeck granules. Macrophages take up HIV-1 via MR, but are most important as an HIV-1 reservoir. All three innate immune cells in addition express various TLRs on the cell surface and in endosomes to sense pathogenic-derived antigens. Subsequent TLR signaling influences HIV-1 infection and immune activation.