Figure A1.

Comparison of cytokine and TLR ligand requirements for NO production by macrophages and MSC. R2 macrophages (top panel) and MSC (PVG.7B; bottom panel) were stimulated for 24 h with IFNγ (100 U mL⁻¹), TNFα (25 ng mL⁻¹), LPS (1 μg mL⁻¹), and poly-I:C (1 μg mL⁻¹), either alone or in combination with IFNγ as indicated. R2 macrophages produced significant levels of NO in response to the TLR agonists LPS and poly-I:C as well as IFNγ. In MSC, NO was only generated in response to TNFα but not to the other stimulatory agents. Addition of IFNγ had a synergistic effect in combination with TNFα or LPS in both macrophages and MSC. The dotted lines indicate baseline NO production of the respective cell type without cytokines added.