Table 2. CpG methylation in the INS promoter in T1D patients and controls.

	T1D Patients (N = 485)	CONTROLS (N = 317)		T1D Patients (n = 485)	CONTROLS (n = 317)
	DNA methylation (%)		p	Hypomethylated subjects N (%)		p
CpG -19	54±10	64±6	<2.10-16	190 (39%)	12 (4%)	<2.10−16
CpG -69	90±4	89±6	0.65
CpG -102	73±6	73±9	0.11
CpG -135	52±9	68±5	<2.10−16	273 (56%)	12 (4%)	<2.10−16
CpG -180	69±7	66±11	1.10−6
CpG -206	91±5	91±7	0.62
CpG -234	54±9	62±6	<2.10−16	178 (37%)	8 (2%)	<2.10−16
CpGs -19, -135, -180	53±9	64±6	<2.10−16	70 (14%)	0	<2.10−16

Results are expressed as mean ± sd. P-values are calculated by Wilcoxon rank sum test. Hypomethylated subject of a given CpG is defined by a methylation value below -2SD of the corresponding control level. We have only shown, for clarity, the hypomethylated subjects in the right part of the table. In contrast, note that methylation of CpG -180 is increased in T1D patients.