Table 3.
Adjusted difference in waist hip ratio at follow-up (×10−2) and 95% confidence intervals associated with a 1-log unit of sex hormones at baseline, adjusting for follow-up time for individuals with the same baseline waist hip ratio (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis baseline examination 1998–2000, follow-up 2002 to 2005; N= 2954 men, 1856 women)
| Men | Women | p* | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Single hormone adjusted for age, race | |||
| Total T | −0.72 (−1.03 to −0.41) | 0.01 (−0.32 to 0.34) | † |
| E2 | 0.54 (0.19 to 0.89) | 0.44 (0.12 to 0.75) | 0.779 |
| 0.47 (0.24 to 0.69) | |||
| SHBG | −1.17 (−1.53 to −0.81) | −1.78 (−2.24 to −1.32) | 0.014 |
| DHEA | −0.13 (−0.44 to 0.18) | −0.19 (−0.61 to 0.23) | 0.714 |
| −0.12 (−0.38 to 0.12) | |||
| Single hormone adjusted for age, race, HDL, log(triglycerides), SBP, glucose | |||
| Total T | −0.53 (−0.84 to −0.22) | −0.05 (−0.38 to 0.28) | † |
| E2 | 0.38 (0.03 to 0.72) | 0.30 (−0.01 to 0.61) | 0.951 |
| 0.33 (0.11 to 0.55) | |||
| SHBG | −0.80 (−1.17 to −0.42) | −1.43 (−1.92 to −0.93) | 0.008 |
| DHEA | −0.14 (−0.44 to 0.17) | −0.33 (−0.75 to 0.08) | 0.529 |
| −0.19 (−0.44 to 0.06) | |||
| Sex Hormone adjusted for SHBG, age, race, HDL, log(triglycerides), SBP, glucose | |||
| Total T | −0.29 (−0.63 to 0.05) | −0.05 (−0.37 to 0.28) | † |
| E2 | 0.38 (0.03 to 0.73) | 0.30 (−0.01 to 0.61) | 0.701 |
| 0.32 (0.10 to 0.54) | |||
| SHBG (adjusted for T, E2), age, race, HDL, log(triglycerides), SBP, glucose | |||
| SHBG | −0.56 (−0.98 to −0.14) | −1.43 (−1.92 to −0.93) | 0.005 |
| Hormone adjusted age, race, HDL, log(triglycerides), SBP, QUICKI | |||
| T (adjusted for SHBG) | −0.14 (−0.48 to 0.20) | −0.11 (−0.43 to 0.22) | † |
| SHBG (adjusted for T and E2) | −0.54 (−0.95 to −0.12) | −1.22 (−1.72 to −0.72) | 0.018 |
| DHEA (adjusted for T or E2), age, race, HDL, log(triglycerides), SBP, glucose | |||
| DHEA (T) | −0.09 (−0.40 to 0.22) | −0.34 (−0.76 to 0.09) | 0.435 |
| −0.17 (−0.42 to 0.09) | |||
| DHEA (E2) | −0.23 (−0.55 to 0.09) | −0.46 (−0.88 to −0.03) | 0.350 |
| −0.29 (−0.55 to −0.04) | |||
Associations are considered statistically significant if the 95% confidence intervals that do not include zero. T/ Bio T – total/bioavailable testosterone, E2 – estradiol, SHBG – Sex hormone binding globulin, DHEA – dehydroepiandrosterone;
*
p for interaction by sex.
†
There is minimal overlap between the range of T levels between men and women; hence interaction p-value cannot be interpreted.