Table 3.

Summary of different philosophies regarding the pathogenesis of hemorrhoids and related surgical approaches

Theory	Short description	Surgical approach
Sliding anal cushions	Hemorrhoids develop when the supporting tissues of the anal cushions disintegrate or deteriorate	Hemorrhoidectomy, plication
Rectal redundancy	Hemorrhoidal prolapse is associated with an internal rectal prolapse	Stapled hemorrhoidopexy
Vascular abnormality	Hyperperfusion of arteriovenous plexus within anal cushion results in the formation of hemorrhoids	Doppler-guided hemorrhoidal artery ligation