Table 4.

Summary of studies which analysed Helicobacter pylori status in different oral cavity, stool and gastric sample

Author name	Country	Target population	Number of sample	Type of specimens	Method	Positive rate %
Cześnikiewicz-Guzik et al[16]	Poland	Gastrointensinal patients	100	Gastic biopsy, saliva and gingival plaques	ELISA	51 biopsy 54 saliva and 48.3 gingival pockets
Medina et al[3]	Argentina	Gastroduodenal patients	98	Saliva, dental plaque and gastric biopsy	PCR	88.4 biopsy and 18.98 oral samples
Iamaroon et al[7]	Thailand	Recurrent auphtus ulcer patients and healthy volunteers	22 patients/15 normal people	Mocusa	Nested PCR	4.5 auphtus patients and 4.5 normal patients
Tanahashi et al[37]	Northern California	Gastric patients	16 infected 10 uninfected	Stool, saliva and vomits	PCR and culture	18.8 saliva, 21.8 stool and 37.5 vomits
Silva et al[6]	Brazil	Gastric patients	30	Gastric biopsy, saliva and dental plaque	Single step and nested PCR	80 gastric biopsy, 30 saliva and 20 dental plaque
Fernández-Tilapa et al[5]	Mexico	Adults without dyspepsia	200	Gastric biopsy, saliva and dental plaque	Nested and semi nested PCR, ELISA	62 biopsy and 17 oral samples
Wang et al[8]	Tennessee	Gastric patients	31	Gastric biopsy and saliva	PCR and DNA sequencing	100 gastric biopsy and 71 saliva
Current study	Iran	Gastroduodenal patients	300	Gastric biopsy, saliva, dental plaque and stool	PCR	77.66 biopsy, 10.72 saliva, 0 dental plaque and 71.67 stool

ELISA: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; PCR: Polymerase chain reaction.