Quantitative PCR analysis of cytokine/chemokine expression in cultured primary keratinocytes exposed to 2 × 107 UP in a time-course experiment at 30 minutes, 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours postexposure. Graph represents mean fold change in infected cells ± SEM normalized to uninfected controls (red line). *Statistically significant increase in transcript expression relative to control. PCR polymerase chain reaction; SEM, standard error of the mean; UP, Ureaplasma parvum.