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. 2012 Apr 24;13(4):5163–5178. doi: 10.3390/ijms13045163

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© 2012 by the authors; licensee Molecular Diversity Preservation International, Basel, Switzerland.

This article is an open-access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).

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Comparison of ionic liquid based, microwave-assisted extraction (ILMAE) with other extraction methods: 0.5 g of dried sample was mixed with 10 mL pure water, 1.25 M sodium chloride, 80% ethanol or 1.25 M [Bmim]Br. Samples were then soaked for 3.0 h before the extraction. Irradiation time and power: 10 min and 230 W for MAE; extraction time and temperature: 24 h and 25 °C for ME, 4 h and 85 °C for HRE. The extraction yield is expressed as milligram of proanthocyanides extracted per gram bark.