Table 2. The strains used in this work.

Strain	Characteristics a	Source or reference
P. stutzeri SDM	Undomesticated wild strain capable of l-Lactate utilizing	[13]
P. stutzeri SDM-dlldD	Kmr; P. stutzeri SDM mutant obtained by disruption of the lldD gene	This study
P. stutzeri SDM-dlldD(pBSP II SKlldD)	Kmr; Apr; P. stutzeri SDM-dlldD harboring the plasmids pBSP II SKlldD	This study
E. coli DH5α	F− SupE44, Δ(argF lacZya)U169 ϕ80lacZΔM15 hsdR17(rk −,mk +) recA1 endA1 gyrA96 thi-1 relA1 λ−	Invitrogen
E. coli DH10B	F− endA1 recA1 galE15 galK16 nupG rpsL ΔlacX74 Φ80lacZΔM15 araD139 Δ(ara,leu)7697 mcrA Δ(mrr-hsdRMS-mcrBC) λ−	Invitrogen
E. coli HB101	F− mcrB mrr hsdS20(rB − mB −) recA13 leuB6 ara-14 proA2 lacY1 galK2 xyl-5 mtl-1 rpsL20(SmR) glnV44 λ−	Invitrogen
E. coli C43 (DE3)	Mutant of E. coli BL21 (DE3) for membrane-bound protein expression	[39]

^aKm^r and Ap^r indicate resistance to kanamycin and ampicillin, respectively.