Ema acts cell autonomously for autophagy. (A and B) Cell-autonomous function of ema for normal autophagosome formation. (A) Representative single confocal section of starved mosaic fat body cell clones expressing the autophagosomal marker mCherry-Atg8a (red). Expression of nuclear GFP (GFPnls, green) marks wild-type clones. Genotype of the animal: hs-flp/+;CG-Gal4/+;UAS-mCherry-Atg8a, FRT82B,UAS-GFPnls/FRT82B,ema1. (B) Representative single confocal section of starved mosaic fat body cell clones expressing the autophagosomal marker mCherry-Atg8a (red) and Ema-GFP (green). Note expression of GFPnls (green) in the wild-type clone but not in the ema-mutant clone. Genotype of the animal: hs-flp/+;CG-Gal4/+;UAS-Ema-GFP/+;UAS-mCherry-Atg8a, FRT82B,UAS-GFPnls/FRT82B,ema1. (C and D) Cell-autonomous function of ema for normal autolysosome formation. (C) Representative live single confocal section of starved mosaic fat body cell clones stained with LysoTracker DND-26. mCherry expression marks wild-type clones (red). Genotype of the animal: hs-flp/+;r4-Gal4,FRT82B,UAS-mCherry/FRT82B,ema1. (D) Representative live single confocal sections of starved mosaic fat body cell clones stained with LysoTracker DND-99. Ema-GFP (green) marks rescue clone. Genotype of the animal: da-Gal4,UAS-Ema-GFP, ema1. (Scale bars, 10 μm.)