Table 1. Metabolism of 5 and 1 mmol/L [3-¹³C]glutamine in brain slices of wild-type (WT) and glutaminase-deficient (GLS1+/−) mice (Enzymatic data).

Experimental condition	Metabolite removal (−) or production (in μmol/g dry weight per hour)
	Alanine	Glutamate	Glutamine	Aspartate	GABA
5 mmol/L [3- 13 C]glutamine
WT mice (n=8)	2.0±0.2	−6.5±1.5	−57.1±4.4	29.3±1.9	−2.0±0.2
GLS1+/− mice (n=8)	2.0±0.3	−11.6±0.9a	−47.2±3.6	27.2±2.2	−2.4±0.3
1 mmol/L [3- 13 C]glutamine
WT mice (n=8)	0.9±0.1	−26.3±1.1	−17.2±2.1	22.6±0.8	−3.3±0.2
GLS1+/− mice (n=8)	0.2±0.2a	−25.9±0.5	−4.9±1.5a	20.8±0.5	−3.1±0.1

GABA, gamma-aminobutyric acid.

Brain slices were incubated for 1 hour with 5 or 1 mmol/L [3-¹³C]glutamine. The slice dry weight was 122±3 mg (WT mice) and 119±5 mg (GLS1+/− mice) with 5 mmol/L [3-¹³C]glutamine, and 123±4 mg (WT mice) and 130±2 mg (GLS1+/− mice) with 1 mmol/L [3-¹³C]glutamine. Results (in μmol/g dry weight per hour) are presented as mean values±s.e.m. for eight experiments (n=8). Statistical difference was measured by the unpaired Student's t-test and P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. The corresponding ¹³C NMR data are reported in Table 2.

^aDifferent from WT mice.