Table 1.
Upgrade rates after atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) diagnosis on vacuum-assisted or core needle biopsy and excision
| Author, year [ref.] | Cases, n | ADH lesions, n (%) | Excisional biopsy, n (%) | DCIS on excision, n (%) | Invasive carcinoma on excision, n (%) | Total upgrade rate, n (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jackman et al. 1994 [57] | 450 | 19 (4.2) | 16 (84.2) | 6 (37.5) | 3 (18.8) | 9 (56.3) |
| Liberman et al. 1995 [58] | 264 | 25 (9.5) | 21 (84) | 8 (38.1) | 3 (14.3) | 11 (52.4) |
| Tocino et al. 1994 [59] | 358 | 18 (5) | 18 (100) | 5 (27.8) | 4 (22.2) | 9 (50) |
| Nguyen et al. 1996 [60] | 431 | 13 (3) | 13 (100) | ND | ND | 4 (30.8) |
| Burbank 1997 [61] | 868 | 26 (3) | 18 (69.2) | ND | ND | 8 (44.4) |
| Lee et al. 1997 [62] | 405 | 17 (4.2) | 15 (88.2) | 2 (13.3) | 3 (20) | 5 (33.3) |
| Liberman et al. 1997 [63] | 442 | 41 (9.3) | 37 (90.2) | 16 (43.2) | 4 (10.8) | 20 (54.1) |
| Moore et al. 1997 [64] | 510 | 23 (4.5) | 21 (91.3) | 7 (33.3) | ND | 7 (33.3) |
| Gadzala et al. 1997 [65] | 900 | 39 (4.3) | 36 (92.3) | 13 (36.1) | 4 (11.1) | 17 (47.2) |
| Meyer et al. 1998 [66] | 1,032 | 18 (1.7) | 18 (100) | 7 (38.9) | 3 (16.7) | 10 (55.6) |
| Lin et al. 1998 [67] | 539 | 21 (3.9) | 18 (85.7) | 2 (11.1) | ND | 2 (11.1) |
| Fuhrman et al. 1998 [68] | 1,440 | 67 (4.7) | 63 (94) | 24 (38.1) | 10 (15.9) | 34 (54) |
| Brem et al. 1999 [69] | 422 | 20 (4.7) | 16 (80) | 2 (12.5) | 2 (12.5) | 4 (25) |
| Burak et al. 2000 [70] | 851 | 43 (5.1) | 40 (93) | 1 (2.5) | 4 (10) | 5 (12.5) |
| Philpotts et al. 2000 [71] | 753 | 26 (3.5) | 26 (100) | 5 (19.2) | 1 (3.8) | 6 (23.1) |
| O'Hea and Tornos 2000 [72] | 590 | 27 (4.6) | 19 (70.4) | 4 (21.1) | 2 (10.5) | 6 (31.6) |
| Adrales et al. 2000 [73] | 1,081 | 90 (8.3) | 62 (68.9) | 7 (11.3) | 2 (3.2) | 9 (14.5) |
| Darling et al. 2000 [74] | 3,873 | 148 (3.8) | 139 (93.9) | 27 (19.4) | 11 (7.9) | 38 (27.3) |
| Cangierella et al. 2001 [75] | 160 | 10 (6.3) | 8 (80) | 2 (25) | ND | 2 (25) |
| Lai et al. 2001 [76] | 673 | 19 (2.8) | 12 (63.2) | ND | ND | 2 (16.7) |
| Jackman et al. 2002 [77] | 1,964 | 131 (6.7) | 104 (79.4) | 19 (18.3) | 3 (2.9) | 22 (21.2) |
| Liberman et al. 2002 [78] | 322 | 18 (5.6) | 16 (88.9) | 5 (31.3) | ND | 5 (31.3) |
| Zhao et al. 2003 [79] | 1,036 | 53 (5.1) | 39 (73.6) | 10 (25.6) | 1 (2.6) | 11 (28.2) |
| Lourenco et al. [80] | 1,223 | 95 (7.8) | 73 (76.8) | 18 (24.7) | 3 (4.1) | 21 (28.8) |
| Doren et al. 2008 [81] | ND | 51 | 51 (100) | 9 (17.6) | 8 (15.7) | 17 (33.3) |
| Wagoner et al. 2009 [82] | ND | 201 | 123 (61.2) | 22 (17.9) | ND | 22 (17.9) |
| Arora 2009 [83] | 1,072 | 35 (3.3) | 30 (85.7) | 3 (10) | 1 (3.3) | 4 (13.3) |
| Chae et al. 2009 [84] | 3,476 | 69 (2) | 45 (65.2) | 8 (17.8) | 2 (4.4) | 10 (22.2) |
| Eby et al. [85] | 991 | 141 (14.2) | 123 (87.2) | 21 (17.1) | 5 (4.1) | 26 (21.1) |
| Youk et al. [86] | 7,050 | 25 (0.4) | 21 (84) | 9 (42.9) | 4 (19) | 13 (61.9) |
| Kohr et al. [31] | 991 | 112 (11.3) | 101 (90.2) | 17 (16.8) | 3 (3) | 20 (19.8) |
| Total | 34,167 | 1,641 (4.8) | 1,342 (81.8) | 279 (20.8) | 86 (6.4) | 379 (28.2) |
ADH = Atypical ductal hyperplasia; DCIS = ductal carcinoma in situ; ND = not determined.