Table 3.
Biocidal active agents
| Biocide active agent | Class | Mechanism(s) of action |
|---|---|---|
| Triclosan | Phenolic compound | FabIa inhibition (12, 13, 36, 38), membrane disruption (12, 38) |
| Chlorhexidine | Biguanide | Membrane damage (10, 16); inhibits membrane enzymes (23); leakage of cellular constituents (16) |
| Benzalkonium chloride | Quaternary ammonium compound | Membrane damage; leakage and coagulation of cellular proteins (10, 18) |
| Hydrogen peroxide | Oxidizing agent | Oxidative damage; cellular proteins (18); nucleic acids (14) |
a
FabI is an enoyl-acyl carrier protein involved in fatty acid biosysthesis.