Fig 3.

Increased entrapment efficiency and JVA contents within PLGA-NP. Nanoparticles containing JVA or INH were prepared as described in Materials and Methods, and drug content (μg ml⁻¹) (A), entrapment efficiency (%) (B), and drug recovery (%) (C) were determined by RP-HPLC. Nanoparticle diameter (nm) (D) and zeta potential (mV) measurements (E) were made on a Zetasizer. Results are means ± SEM of measurements from triplicates. The results shown are representative of 10 independent experiments performed. An asterisk indicates a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05 by Student's t test) in measurements between JVA-NP and INH-NP. Representative images from FESEM (F and G) and AFM (H and I) of JVA-NP were generated as described in Materials and Methods. (G) Detailed image of a single nanoparticle demonstrating a central core (JVA) and a polymeric shell.