Table 1. Orang-utan site information.
Site(start of study) | Coordinates/habitat | No. hrs of focal observation | Individuals observed nesting (# making calls) | Mother-infant pairs observed (making call) | No. of sequenced individuals |
Tuanan (B) (2003–) | 2° 09′ S 114° 26′ E/Peat swamp | >15,000 | 21 (21) | 8 (8) | 20 |
Sg. Lading (B)(2005–2007) | 2° 15′ S 114° 22′ E/Peat swamp | >2,000 | 6 (0) | 4 (0) | 24 |
Sabangau (B) (2003–) | 2° 19′ S 114° 00′ E/Peat swamp | >3,000 | 19 (18) | 4 (0) | 21 |
Ketambe (S) (1971–) | 3° 41′ N 97° 39′ E/Dryland | >15,000 | 20 (0) | 6 (5) | 16 |
Suaq (S) (1994–) | 3° 04′ N 97° 26′ E/Peat swamp/dryland | >10,000 | 28 (25) | 12 (0) | 15 |
Note: (B) = Borneo, (S) = Sumatra. For the number of individuals making nests, we only included individuals that were followed for more than 10 nights, because after this number of night nests most orang-utans that occur in sites were they make nest calls were found to have made a nest call. At sites where mother-infant calls were heard, they occur once every 7.8 mother-infant follow hours for Ketambe (994 total follow hours) and 42.6 follow hours for Tuanan (5827 total follow hours). At the three sites were these calls were not heard, many more follow hours have been collected (Sabangau: 1709 hrs; Sg. Lading: 2140 hrs; and Suaq: 7665 hrs).