Table 6.
Associationa between in utero exposure to PFOA and offspring serum biomarkers of adiposity at 20 years of age.
| Females (n = 252) | Males (n = 170) | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Biomarker | Percent changeb,c | 95% CI | p-Value | Percent changec | 95% CI | p-Value | ||||||
| Insulin | 4.5 | 1.8, 7.2 | 0.001 | 2.2 | –0.8, 5.3 | 0.15 | ||||||
| Leptin | 4.8 | 0.5, 9.4 | 0.03 | 4.5 | –2.6, 12.1 | 0.21 | ||||||
| Adiponectin | –2.3 | –4.5, –0.2 | 0.03 | –1.7 | –4.6, 1.2 | 0.25 | ||||||
| Leptin/adiponectin ratio | 7.2 | 2.2, 12.5 | 0.004 | 6.3 | –1.5, 14.6 | 0.11 | ||||||
| The associations are limited to the subgroup of participants (n = 422) that provided blood samples at clinical examination. aLinear regression using log-transformation for the dependent variable (continuous). The results are adjusted for time of blood sample collection (e.g., 08:00–12:30) and offspring age at follow-up. bBlood sample was missing for one female subject who attended clinical examination. cPercent change in the outcome measure for 1-ng/mL change in serum PFOA. | ||||||||||||