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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: Trends Plant Sci. 2012 Feb 1;17(5):250–259. doi: 10.1016/j.tplants.2012.01.003

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Molecular recognition of pathogens and herbivores by plants. 1. Microbe-, pathogen- and damage-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs, PAMPs and DAMPs) are recognized by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and lead to PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI). 2. Pathogen effectors suppress PTI. 3. Resistance gene products recognize effectors and lead to effector-triggered immunity (ETI). 4. Oviposition-associated compounds are recognized by unknown receptors and trigger defensive responses. 5. Putative herbivore-associated molecular patterns (HAMPs) are recognized by receptors and lead to herbivore-triggered immunity (HTI). 6. Wounding leads to the release of DAMPs and to wound-induced resistance (WIR). 7. Effector-like molecules from insects can suppress HTI and WIR. Uncharacterized elements are indicated by broken lines.