Table 2.
Association between sleep disordered breathing variables and metabolic syndrome.
| Sleep variables | Sample size (Metabolic syndrome %) |
Age, sex-adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) | Multivariable adjusted* odds ratio (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sleep duration (hours) | |||
| ≤5 hrs | 935 (40.3) | 1.31 (1.04–1.64) | 1.24 (0.98–1.57) |
| 6 hrs | 1412 (38.8) | 1.12 (0.94–1.34) | 1.11 (0.93–1.34) |
| 7 hrs | 1777 (36.6) | 1 (referent) | 1 (referent) |
| 8 hrs | 1621 (35.7) | 0.94 (0.78–1.14) | 0.92 (0.76–1.11) |
| ≥9 hrs | 377 (35.9) | 1.01 (0.73–1.40) | 0.97 (0.69–1.36) |
| P-trend | 0.01 | 0.02 | |
| Snoring (nights/week) | |||
| 0–2 | 2952 (27.2) | 1 (referent) | 1 (referent) |
| 3-4 | 1188 (39.2) | 1.67 (1.42–1.98) | 1.69 (1.42–2.00) |
| ≥5 | 1982 (51.7) | 2.78 (2.38–3.25) | 2.77 (2.38–3.24) |
| P-trend | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | |
| Snorting (nights/week) | |||
| 0–2 | 5370 (35.0) | 1 (referent) | 1 (referent) |
| 3-4 | 394 (47.7) | 1.54 (1.16–2.06) | 1.52 (1.16–1.98) |
| ≥5 | 358 (60.2) | 2.70 (2.21–3.30) | 2.59 (2.13–3.14) |
| P-trend | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | |
| Daytime sleepiness (times/month) | |||
| 0-1 | 3547 (36.1) | 1 (referent) | 1 (referent) |
| 2–4 | 1583 (37.0) | 1.15 (1.01–1.31) | 1.15 (1.01–1.32) |
| ≥5 | 992 (41.8) | 1.54 (1.31–1.81) | 1.44 (1.22–1.70) |
| P-trend | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | |
| Sleep summary score | |||
| 0 | 2210 (26.9) | 1 (referent) | 1 (referent) |
| 1 | 2424 (40.1) | 1.80 (1.47–2.19) | 1.80 (1.48–2.19) |
| 2 | 1100 (46.7) | 2.41 (2.03–2.87) | 2.38 (1.99–2.85) |
| ≥3 | 388 (56.8) | 4.00 (3.05–5.24) | 3.82 (2.89–5.04) |
| P-trend | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
*Adjusted for age (years), gender (male, female), race/ethnicity (non-Hispanic whites, non-Hispanic blacks, Mexican Americans, others), education (below high school, high school, above high school), smoking (never smoker, former smoker, current smoker), alcohol intake (never, former, current moderate, current heavy), moderate physical activity (absent, present), and depression (absent, present).