Table 4.
Infant outcome by site and feeding practice
| Feeding practices measured at 5 week visit* | HR for infant HIV or death amongst HIV-exposed infants | Longitudinal feeding practice (0-12 weeks)# | HR for postnatal HIV or infant death amongst HIV-exposed infants | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | Total no. HIV/dead in each area (%) | HR (95% CI) | N | Total no. HIV/dead in each area (%) | HR (95% CI) | ||
| Paarl (IMR 40/100) | 20 | Paarl | |||||
| EFF | 48 | 3 (6.2%) | Referent HR = 1 | Avoiding BF (NBF) | 98 | 4 (4.1%) | Referent HR = 1 |
| EBF | 15 | 4 (26.7) | 4.7 (1.0, 20.9) | EBF and stopping before 12 weeks | 7 | 1 (14.3%) | 1.9 (0.2, 1.5) |
| MBF | 15 | 5 (33.3) | 5.7 (1.4, 23.9) | MBF(l) | 10 | 3 (30%) | 4.3 (1.2, 16.0) |
| MFF | 56 | 8 (14.3) | 2.4 (0.6, 8.9) | ||||
| Rietvei (IMR 99/1000) | 46 | Rietvei | |||||
| EFF | 14 | 2(14.3%) | 6.6 (1.7, 25.4) | Avoiding BF (NBF) | 66 | 14 (21.2%) | 5.6 (1.8, 17) |
| EBF | 19 | 7 36.8%) | 2.3 (0.4, 14.0) | EBF and stopping before 12 weeks | 11 | 3 (27.3%) | 2.8 (0.6, 13.1) |
| MBF | 64 | 20 (31.2%) | 5.6 (1.6, 18.7) | MBF(l) | 38 | 7 (18.4%) | 2.7 (1.0, 7.2) |
| MFF | 63 | 17 (27%) | 4.7 (1.4, 16.1) | ||||
| Umlazi (IMR 60/1000) | 51 | Umlazi | |||||
| EFF | 41 | 8 (19.5%) | 1.2 (0.1, 11.9) | Avoiding BF (NBF) | 44 | 7 (15.9%) | 4.0 (1.2, 13.7) |
| EBF | 14 | 1 (7.1%) | 3.3 (0.8, 12.5) | EBF and stopping before 12 weeks | 8 | 1 (12.5%) | 1.9 (0.7, 5.2) |
| MBF | 84 | 24 (28.6%) | 5.0 (1.5, 16.5) | MBF(l) | 29 | 4 (13.8%) | 2.1 (0.6, 6.7) |
| MFF | 55 | 18 (32.7%) | 5.8 (1.7, 19.7) | ||||
Footnote: EFF = exclusive formula feeding; EBF = exclusive breastfeeding; MBF = mixed breastfeeding; MFF = mixed formula feeding (no breast) NBF = avoiding all breastfeeding. * Feeding practices defined as per Table 2 and measured over previous 96 hours at 5 week visit. Note feeding data not available on all infants who died or were lost to follow-up, thus numbers in table are slightly less than the total expected (expected N = 883 total sample, 665 HIV-exposed infants and N = 156 HIV infected or died). Note: Background IMR per site as follows; Paarl IMR 40/1000; Rietvlei IMR 99/1000 and Umlazi IMR 60/1000 at the time of the study. The numbers of women practicing longitudinal exclusive breastfeeding between 0-12 weeks was very low; thus no data on this group are presented under the longitudinal feeding data in Table 4.