Table 5.

Serum cytokine concentrations in 65 perimenopausal women subdivided into five groups according to the presence and severity of hot flashes (Menopause Rating Scale)

Cytokine	Hot flashes					P value, Kruskal-Wallis
	Without (n = 8)	Mild (n = 16)	Moderate (n = 11)	Severe (n = 20)	Very severe (n = 10)
TNFα	8.67 (3.84 to 13.50)	4.47 (1.84 to 7.35)	5.42 (3.49 to 7.35)	5.82 (4.08 to 9.23)	11.15 (3.01 to 21.90)	0.495, NS
IL-6	22.10	1.19 (0.95 to 1.44)	2.42 (1.13 to 4.31)	3.02 (1.26 to 6.96)	2.11 (1.50 to 2.95)	0.456, NS
IL-10	8.43 (3.97 to 12.90)	1.91	6.57 (2.40 to 12.60)	3.48 (1.08 to 10.20)	5.45 1.31 to 12.00)	0.332, NS

The results of cytokines are expressed as medians (10% to 90%). Unit of serum cytokine concentration is pg/ml.

IL = interleukin; NS = not significant; TNF = tumor necrosis factor.