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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: Cardiovasc Eng Technol. 2011 Feb 8;2(2):77–89. doi: 10.1007/s13239-011-0038-6

Figure 9.

Figure 9

Doppler and Simulated Proximal Isovelocity Surface Area (PISA). Images from the in vitro flow loop simulating regurgitation from top to bottom through a circular orifice. The 2D color Doppler in the first panel shows a hemispheric isovelocity at 41cm/s with a defined radius (r). Middle panel shows a 3D color Doppler acquisition of the same flow condition. The last panel depicts the 3D computational domain showing 3 isovelocity surfaces near a circular orifice for Va = 20 cm/s (blue), Va = 40 cm/s (green) and Va = 60 cm/s (red).