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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: Clin J Pain. 2012 Jun;28(5):418–427. doi: 10.1097/AJP.0b013e318236c8ca

Table 2.

Results for physiological measures, pain reports and task difficulty.

Measure Stimulus Level Condition
Low Medium High No Task Easy Moderate Hard
SEP (μVolts)
Mean (s.d.)
38.38
(16.93)
40.46
(16.48)
41.42
(17.31)
45.51
(17.29)
39.38
(17.20)
38.59
(16.54)
38.66
(16.21)
PDR (mm)
Mean (s.d.)
0.173
(0.442)
0.239
(0.475)
0.340
(0.555)
0.277
(0.502)
0.256
(0.494)
0.234
(0.506)
0.225
(0.489)
Pain Rating
Mean (s.d.)
Worst Pain 7.49
(1.53)
6.36
(2.10)
6.51
(1.91)
6.29
(1.80)
Least Pain 1.98
(1.24)
1.81
(1.10)
1.98
(1.21)
1.85
(1.29)
Average Pain 4.94
(1.12)
4.50
(1.34)
4.57
(1.34)
4.58
(1.43)
Task Difficulty
Mean (95% CI)
Accuracya (%) 91.3
(87.5-
95.1)
89.2
(85.4-
93.0)
86.3
(82.5-
90.1)
Response time
(ms)
0.59
(0.57-
0.61
0.65
(0.63-
0.66)
0.67
(0.65-
0.69)
a

Task accuracy= (number correct = number false alarms)/total pitch errors

Abbreviations: SEP= stimulus evoked potential; mm= millimeters; PDR= pupil dilation response; S.D.= standard deviation; CI= confidence interval; ms= milliseconds.