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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: Behav Res Ther. 2012 Mar 11;50(6):381–386. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2012.02.011

Table 1.

Urges to Commit Suicide, Self-Injure, and Use Substances Before and After Individual Therapy Sessions and Exposure Tasks

DBT sessions
(n=209)
DBT PE
Protocol
sessions (n=49)
Statistic p Exposure Tasks
(n=516)
Urges to Commit Suicide
   Intensity of Urges, M ± SD
     Before 0.9 ± 1.3 1.3 ± 1.3 t (289) = 1.9 .06 0.5 ± 1.1
     After 0.6 ± 1.0 0.9 ± 1.3 t (256) = 1.4 .17 0.5 ± 1.1
   Change in Urges, n (%)
     Decrease in urges 54 (25.8%) 23 (46.9%) χ2 (2) =12.9 .002 64 (12.4%)
     No change in urges 139 (66.5%) 19 (38.8%) 418 (81.0%)
     Increase in urges 16 (7.7%) 7 (14.3%) 34 (6.6%)
Urges to Self-Injure
   Intensity of Urges, M ± SD
     Before 1.2 ± 1.5 1.6 ± 1.6 t (289) = 1.9 .06 0.6 ± 1.2
     After 0.9 ± 1.3 1.2 ± 1.6 t (256) = 1.3 .19 0.5 ± 1.2
   Change in Urges, n (%)
     Decrease in urges 49 (23.4%) 16 (32.7%) χ2 (2) = 5.6 .06 64 (12.4%)
     No change in urges 139 (66.5%) 24 (49.0%) 421 (81.4%)
     Increase in urges 21 (10.0%) 9 (18.4%) 32 (6.2%)

Note. Urges were rated on a 0 to 5 scale. Measures to assess pre-post session urges were added to the assessment battery after the study started and data are therefore available for only a subset of the therapy sessions (DBT sessions: n = 209/404, PTSD Protocol sessions: n = 49/99). Pre-post exposure urges were assessed throughout the study.