Table 2.

Mean and standard deviation of FP, FN, total mismatched pixel percentage, Hausdorff distance, and MDCP for DR images

Performance metrics	Proposed method	Ferrari et. al. [10]	Kwok et. al [11]
FP excluding inaccurate images	1.9 ± 2.52	1.94 ± 2.93	3.7 ± 6.67
FP including inaccurate images	3.93 ± 9.51	5.71 ± 13.14	4.7 ± 15.47
FN excluding inaccurate images	5.51 ± 5.38	5.68 ± 4.39	11.29 ± 7.58
FN including inaccurate images	6.28 ± 11.72	10.23 ± 16.03	17.28 ± 18.27
Total mismatched pixel percentage excluding inaccurate images	7.41 ± 5.48	7.62 ± 4.45	12.32 ± 5.34
Total mismatched pixel percentage including inaccurate images	10.75 ± 14.20	15.94 ± 23.51	21.98 ± 26.97
Number of images with (FP and FN) <5%	38	29	20
Number of images with (FP and FN) <10%	60	58	39
Total mismatched pixel percentage <5%	31	22	18
Total mismatched pixel <10%	55	53	33
Hausdorff distance	13.56 ± 14.04	29.27 ± 32.16	35.18 ± 38.71
MDCP	3.33 ± 4.16	8.17 ± 15.73	13.43 ± 16.41