Table 4.

Hierarchical regression analysis of alternative explanations of relatively higher RA among older adults in instructed gambling including EV-selection ability and probability-based selection bias.

	β	SE	t	adj R2	ΔR2
STEP 1
Baseline (uninstructed) RA	0.26	0.11	2.46*	0.07	–
STEP 2
EV-computation ability (EV-training block accuracy)	0.53	0.09	5.82**	0.32	0.25**
STEP 3
Probability-based selection bias (EQ high-probability choice)	0.35	0.08	4.11**	0.43	0.11**
STEP 4
Age	0.86	0.15	5.73**	0.59	0.16**

*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01.

The dependent variable is the proportion of RA choices on conflict trials in instructed gambling across both age groups. All proportion data is logit-transformed then standardized. Age is dummy coded (−1/1 for younger/older adults).