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. 2012 May 10;8(5):e1002683. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1002683

Figure 1. The RAM pathway is required for biofilm formation in vitro.

Figure 1

(A) The wild-type (CEC369) and bcr1Δ (JC1081) reference strains, cbk1Δ (JC1080), mob2Δ (JC525), tao3Δ (JC848), kic1Δ (JC798) and ace2Δ (JC343) mutants were incubated during 40 hours in biofilm-inducing conditions on Thermanox plastic slides in microfermentors. (B) Determination of biofilm dry mass collected from microfermentors shown in (A). Average results of two independent experiments done in duplicate are shown. Error bars represent the standard deviation of the data throughout the paper, unless otherwise indicated. (C) Adherence to plastic slides of WT, bcr1Δ, RAM mutants and ace2Δ, as detailed in Materials and Methods. The results shown are the mean of 3 independent experiments counting 30 fields per strain in each one. (D) Biofilms induced on silicon squares for 60 hours were stained with calcofluor white and concanavaline A for CSLM visualization.