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. 2012 Apr 25;142(6):1074–1080. doi: 10.3945/jn.112.158113

TABLE 3.

Intake of meat cooked to different doneness levels, meat-cooking mutagens, and meat-related compounds in relation to risk of NHL: NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study subcohort (n = 302,162)1

Median intake within quantile, U/1000 kcal NHL (n = 2155)
 DLBCL (n = 509)
 Follicular (n = 368)
 CLL/SLL (n = 586)
Cases HR2 95% CI Cases HR2 95% CI Cases HR2 95% CI Cases HR2 95% CI
n n n n
Steak and hamburgers, rare, g
    0 1946 1.00 463 1.00 330 1.00 529 1.00
    5.4 209 1.03 0.89, 1.20 46 0.93 0.68, 1.27 38 1.17 0.82, 1.66 57 1.01 0.79, 1.35
Chicken, just done, g
    0 1478 1.00 339 1.00 245 1.00 405 1.00
    4.9 677 1.03 0.91, 1.15 170 1.06 0.84, 1.35 123 1.42 1.09, 1.85 181 0.93 0.74, 1.16
Steak and hamburgers, well to very well done, g
    0.06 769 1.00 186 1.00 119 1.00 224 1.00
    1.6 671 0.87 0.78, 0.96 153 0.86 0.69, 1.07 115 0.95 0.73, 1.23 177 0.77 0.63, 0.95
    8.1 715 0.90 0.80, 1.01 170 0.94 0.74, 1.20 134 1.08 0.81, 1.44 185 0.78 0.62, 0.98
    P-trend 0.31 0.97 0.39 0.12
Chicken, well to very well done, g
    0 797 1.00 199 1.00 139 1.00 220 1.00
    1.6 632 1.11 0.91, 1.35 134 1.00 0.67, 1.50 112 1.46 0.86, 2.48 166 0.87 0.61, 1.23
    8.9 726 1.16 0.95, 1.41 176 1.16 0.77, 1.73 117 1.44 0.85, 2.46 200 0.97 0.68, 1.37
    P-trend 0.22 0.20 0.65 0.47
PhIP, ng
    2.1 471 1.00 100 1.00 78 1.00 136 1.00
    10.9 424 0.90 0.79, 1.03 95 0.97 0.73, 1.29 80 1.01 0.74, 1.38 114 0.83 0.64, 1.06
    24.7 432 0.93 0.81, 1.06 106 1.11 0.84, 1.46 71 0.90 0.65, 1.25 122 0.90 0.70, 1.15
    49.4 389 0.85 0.74, 0.98 101 1.07 0.81, 1.42 62 0.80 0.57, 1.12 100 0.75 0.58, 0.98
    123.6 439 0.98 0.86, 1.12 107 1.14 0.87, 1.51 77 0.99 0.72, 1.36 114 0.90 0.69, 1.14
    P-trend 0.71 0.29 0.85 0.72
MeIQx, ng
    0.5 453 1.00 119 1.00 75 1.00 128 1.00
    2.4 450 1.00 0.87, 1.13 95 0.81 0.62, 1.07 71 0.94 0.68, 1.30 134 1.03 0.81, 1.32
    5.3 415 0.92 0.80, 1.05 97 0.84 0.64, 1.10 73 0.96 0.69, 1.32 117 0.90 0.70, 1.16
    10.3 435 0.97 0.85, 1.11 90 0.79 0.59, 1.04 70 0.91 0.65, 1.27 116 0.90 0.70, 1.17
    24.4 402 0.90 0.78, 1.04 108 0.95 0.72, 1.24 79 1.01 0.73, 1.40 91 0.73 0.55, 0.96
    P-trend 0.12 0.82 0.91 0.01
DiMeIQx, ng
    0 789 1.00 190 1.00 132 1.00 230 1.00
    0.04 93 1.05 0.85, 1.31 24 1.16 0.76, 1.78 12 0.84 0.47, 1.53 23 0.85 0.55, 1.30
    0.19 428 0.96 0.85, 1.08 94 0.88 0.69, 1.13 72 0.97 0.73, 1.30 113 0.86 0.69, 1.08
    0.58 408 0.93 0.82, 1.04 87 0.83 0.64, 1.07 71 0.95 0.71, 1.27 124 0.96 0.77, 1.20
    1.7 437 1.01 0.90, 1.14 114 1.10 0.87, 1.39 81 1.08 0.82, 1.43 96 0.77 0.61, 0.98
    P-trend 0.98 0.38 0.59 0.07
BaP, ng
    0.2 435 1.00 90 1.00 77 1.00 121 1.00
    1.5 435 1.00 0.88, 1.15 121 1.36 1.03, 1.78 70 0.90 0.65, 1.24 114 0.95 0.73, 1.22
    6.2 429 0.98 0.86, 1.13 102 1.14 0.85, 1.51 71 0.90 0.65, 1.25 111 0.91 0.71, 1.18
    16.8 424 0.99 0.86, 1.13 91 1.04 0.77, 1.39 80 1.02 0.75, 1.41 115 0.96 0.74, 1.24
    44.0 432 1.04 0.91, 1.19 105 1.25 0.94, 1.66 70 0.91 0.66, 1.27 125 1.09 0.85, 1.41
    P-trend 0.42 0.74 0.86 0.20
Heme iron, μg
    48.1 446 1.00 107 1.00 70 1.00 124 1.00
    100.9 442 0.97 0.85, 1.11 102 0.96 0.73, 1.26 69 0.96 0.68, 1.34 129 1.01 0.79, 1.30
    151.3 438 0.96 0.84, 1.10 108 1.02 0.77, 1.34 82 1.13 0.81, 1.56 106 0.84 0.64, 1.09
    212.7 414 0.92 0.80, 1.06 94 0.90 0.68, 1.20 68 0.93 0.66, 1.32 117 0.94 0.72, 1.22
    336.0 415 0.96 0.83, 1.10 98 0.98 0.68, 1.20 79 1.10 0.78, 1.55 110 0.93 0.71, 1.23
    P-trend 0.37 0.77 0.82 0.54
Nitrate + nitrite from processed meat sources, mg
    0.04 398 1.00 110 1.00 67 1.00 94 1.00
    0.10 442 1.07 0.94, 1.23 95 0.86 0.65, 1.13 87 1.26 0.91, 1.74 124 1.25 0.95, 1.63
    0.18 445 1.06 0.92, 1.22 97 0.87 0.66, 1.16 65 0.93 0.66, 1.32 140 1.36 1.04, 1.78
    0.27 425 0.99 0.85, 1.14 102 0.91 0.68, 1.21 81 1.15 0.82, 1.61 110 1.02 0.77, 1.36
    0.47 445 1.02 0.88, 1.18 105 0.93 0.70, 1.24 68 0.96 0.67, 1.37 118 1.08 0.81, 1.44
    P-trend 0.68 0.95 0.50 0.50
1

BaP, benzo(a)pyrene; CLL/SLL, chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma; DiMeIQx, 2-amino-3,4,8-trimethylimidazo(4,5-f)quinoxaline; DLBCL; diffuse large B-cell lymphoma; MeIQx, 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo(4,5-f)quinoxaline; NHL, non-Hodgkin lymphoma; PhIP, 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenyl-imidazo(4,5-b)pyridine.

2

Cox proportional hazards regression multivariable model adjusted for age, sex, education, family history of any cancer, race, BMI, smoking status, physical activity, and intake of alcohol, fruit, vegetables, and total energy; meat types cooked to different levels of doneness were mutually adjusted for other cooked and uncooked meat intake.