TABLE 1.
Baseline values of demographic and anthropometric characteristics of Bangladeshi mothers and infants (3.4–4.0 mo of age) in the MINIMat study by food insecurity and invitation time to start a prenatal food supplementation group (usual invitation: ~20 wk of gestation; early invitation: ~9 wk of gestation)1
| Food-insecurity scores |
Invitation time to start food supplementation |
||||
| Lower (n = 119) | Higher (n = 61) | Usual (n = 91) | Early (n = 89) | Total (n = 180) | |
| Mothers | |||||
| Parity | 1.4 ± 1.4 | 1.8 ± 1.5 | 1.5 ± 1.6 | 1.6 ± 1.4 | 1.5 ± 1.5 |
| Education, y | 6.7 ± 3.0 | 7.1 ± 2.9 | 6.7 ± 2.8 | 7.0 ± 3.2 | 6.9 ± 3.0 |
| Age, y | 26.2 ± 6.5 | 27.6 ± 5.5 | 26.5 ± 6.0 | 26.8 ± 6.3 | 27.7 ± 6.1 |
| Wealth index2 | 3.2 ± 1.5* | 2.3 ± 1.4 | 2.9 ± 1.5 | 2.8 ± 1.5 | 2.9 ± 1.5 |
| Food insecurity3 | 15.2 ± 1.4 | 20.5 ± 3.1 | 16.6 ± 2.9 | 17.4 ± 3.6 | 17.0 ± 3.3 |
| Infants | |||||
| Female, % | 52.1 | 52.2 | 55.6 | 54.4 | 55.0 |
| Birth weight, g | 2722 ± 358 | 2763 ± 350 | 2737 ± 368 | 2736 ± 343 | 2737 ± 355 |
| Gestational age, wk | 39.3 ± 1.7 | 39.4 ± 1.3 | 39.5 ± 1.5 | 39.3 ± 1.6 | 39.4 ± 1.5 |
Values are means ± SD or percentages. *Different from higher food-insecurity score, < 0.05. Those with higher food-insecurity scores had indications of severe food insecurity (scores >17, 34% of the dyads). Those with lower food-insecurity scores had indications of food security or occasional-to-moderate food insecurity (scores ≤17, 66% of the dyads). MINIMat, Maternal Infant Nutritional Interventions Matlab.
Wealth index scores range from 1 to 5, with 1 being the poorest and 5 being the wealthiest.
Food insecurity was continuous, with higher scores corresponding to more severe food insecurity (observed range of 12 to 31).