Table 2.
Comparison of different parameters between severe malaria cases who survived and those who died in ICU
| Survivors (n = 50) |
Non-survivors (n = 9) |
P* | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age [median IQR] | 42 (33-49) | 45 (33-57) | 0,353 |
| Male gender [n (%)] | 38 (76.0) | 9 (100) | 0.161 |
| Duration of symptoms [median IQR] | 7 (4-9) | 6 (4-8) | 0.828 |
| Time since arrival to diagnosis [median IQR] | 8 (6-15) | 16 (10-20) | 0.027 |
| Non-immune (vs semi-immune) status [n (%)] | 24/46(52.2) | 5/8 (62.5) | 0.711 |
| Parasitaemia [n (%)] | 15 (30.3) | 2 (22.2) | 0.252 |
| ≤10 | 19 (38.0) | 3 (33.3) | |
| 11-50 | 4 (8.0) | 3 (33.3) | |
| > 50 | 12 (24.4) | 1 (11.1) | |
| Non quantified | |||
| SAPS II [median (IQR)] | 28.5 (21.5-37) | 68 (47-73) | < 0.001 |
| Glasgow coma scale [n (%)] ≥13 | 33 (68.8) | (22.2) | 0.019 |
| 10-12 (rousable coma) | 8 (16.7) | 3 (33.3) | |
| ≤ 9 (unrousable coma) | 7 (14.6) | 4 (44.4) | |
| Haemoglobin (mg/dL) [median (IQR)] | 9.5 (8.0-12.6) | 10.4 (8.3-12.2) | 0.618 |
| Renal failure [n (%)] | 23 (46.0) | 8 (88.9) | 0.027 |
| Pulmonary oedema/ARDS [n (%)] | 14 (29.2) | 8 (88.9) | < 0.001 |
| Hypoglycaemia [n (%)] | 11 (22.4) | 7 (77.8) | 0.002 |
| Circulatory collapse, shock [n (%)] | 22 (44.9) | 7 (77.8) | 0.080 |
| Abnormal bleeding/DIC [n (%)] | 6 (13.6) | 5 (62.5) | 0.007 |
| Acidaemia/acidosis [n (%)] | 14 (29.8) | 9 (100) | < 0.001 |
| WHO major criteria of severe malaria ≥ 5 [n (%)] | 20 (40.0) | 9 (100) | < 0.001 |
| Malaria Prediction Score (MPS)ref [median (IQR)] | 1.78 (0.38-4.53) | 4.68 (4.21-5.20) | 0.008 |
| Malaria Score for Adults (MAS)ref [median (IQR)] | 3 (1-7) | 9 (6-10) | 0.001 |
| Length of stay in ICU [median (IQR)] | 4 (2-12) | 8 (3-27) | 0.185 |
* χ2 test or Fisher exact test for categorical variables, Wilcoxon test for continuous variables. IQR = interquartile ranges