Table 1.

Model parameters.

symbol	definition	value
μ	birth and death rate	1/70 yr−1
ϕ	proportion progressing from primary infection to disease	0.05
δ	rate of progression from primary infection	12 yr−1
τ	rate at which infectious individuals are detected and treated	2 yr−1
ω	rate of endogenous reactivation	0.01 yr−1
σ	reinfection factor	estimated
γ	proportion low-risk group	estimated
α	low-risk factor	estimated