Figure 7.
Average wingtip trajectory (a–c) and geometric angle of attack (d) of T. brasiliensis (two bats) and C. brachyotis (four bats) close to their respective minimum power speeds. Tadarida brasiliensis (vmp = 3.8 m s−1; displayed at 4–4.5 m s−1); C. brachyotis (vmp = 4.9 m s−1; displayed at approx. 5 m s−1). (a–c) Trajectory displayed in body-referenced coordinate system, normalized by the wing chord (note reverse ordinate for y–x plane). Star indicates body marker position. (Online version in colour.)