Table 2.

Other measured study variables

Measure	Response format	Sample item from scale	Mean (SD)	Observed range	Theoretical range
African-American trust in health care	1 (never true) to 5 (always true)
Racism		Hospital clerks will often serve Whites before Blacks.	2.33 (.74)	1.0–4.0	1.0–5.0
Hidden agenda		Hospitals cover up their medical mistakes.	2.84 (.59)	1.6–4.4	1.0–5.0
Doctor distrust		Doctors think of themselves before their patient’s well-being.	2.22 (.63)	1.0–3.5	1.0–5.0
Doctor trust		Doctors care about their patients as people.	3.84 (.67)	2.0–5.0	1.0–5.0
Disrespect		Sometimes doctors treat black patients with disrespect.	2.09 (.74)	1.0–4.0	1.0–5.0
General racial discrimination (EOD)
Response to unfair treatment	engaged response vs passive response	If you feel you have been treated unfairly, do you usually: ________.	1.64 (.61)	2.0–4.0	2.0–4.0
Experience of discrimination	yes or no	Have you ever experienced discrimination, been prevented from doing something, or been hassled or made to feel inferior in any of the following situations because of your race, ethnicity, or color?	4.06 (2.82)	9.0–18.0	9.0–18.0
Worry about unfair treatment due to race	1 (rarely/never of the time) to 3 (most of the time)	When you were a child or teenager (up to age 18), how much did you worry about people in your racial/ethnic group experiencing unfair treatment because of their race, ethnicity, or color?	1.21 (.50)	1.0–3.0	1.0–3.0
Global racial discrimination	1 (never) to 4 (often)	How often do you feel that racial/ethnic groups, who are not White, such as African Americans and Latinos, are discriminated against?	2.81 (.74)	1.0–4.0	1.0–4.0
Depression (CES-D)	1 (rarely or none of the time [<1 day]) to 4 (most or all of the time [5–7 days])	During this past week, I was bothered by things that usually don’t bother me.	12.15 (9.99)	0.0–39.0	0.0–60.0
Social desirability (MC-Form C)	true or false	I never hesitate to go out of my way to help someone in trouble.	19.25 (4.23)	14.0–24.0	13.0–26.0