Table 1.
Associations between Lifetime Cannabis Abuse and Cannabis Dependence with Other Lifetime Psychiatric Disorders
| Other psychiatric disorders | Cannabis Abuse | Cannabis Dependence | OR | 95% CI | Frequency (%total sample) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n=2767; %=84.67 | n=530; %=15.33 | |||||||
| % | SE | % | SE | |||||
| Social Anxiety Disorder | 8.52 | 0.69 | 21.31 | 2.34 | 2.91 | 2.1 | 4.03 | 4.97 |
| Other Anxiety Disorder* | 23.90 | 1.03 | 43.27 | 2.67 | 2.43 | 1.88 | 3.14 | 14.87 |
| GAD | 6.95 | 0.57 | 20.76 | 2.59 | 3.51 | 2.46 | 5.00 | 4.14 |
| Panic Disorder | 9.68 | 0.75 | 22.44 | 2.31 | 2.7 | 1.97 | 3.7 | 5.07 |
| Specific Phobia | 14.58 | 0.90 | 27.18 | 2.86 | 2.19 | 1.58 | 3.04 | 9.39 |
| Nicotine Dependence | 48.25 | 1.23 | 69.64 | 2.58 | 2.46 | 1.92 | 3.15 | 17.72 |
| Alcohol Use Disorder | 80.34 | 0.97 | 87.99 | 1.78 | 1.79 | 1.26 | 2.55 | 30.28 |
| Other Drug Use Disorder** | 37.17 | 1.19 | 56.80 | 2.55 | 2.22 | 1.77 | 2.78 | 5.27 |
| Any Mood Disorder | 33.22 | 1.16 | 56.95 | 2.85 | 2.66 | 2.06 | 3.43 | 18.33 |
| Psychotic Disorder | 2.23 | 0.38 | 4.98 | 1.41 | 2.3 | 1.13 | 4.68 | 0.78 |
| Any Personality Disorder | 31.26 | 1.14 | 61.52 | 2.63 | 3.52 | 2.77 | 4.47 | 14.80 |
| Conduct Disorder | 2.00 | 0.33 | 2.74 | 0.90 | 1.39 | 0.65 | 2.95 | 1.05 |
| Pathological Gambling | 1.38 | 0.28 | 1.99 | 0.62 | 1.45 | 0.66 | 3.19 | 0.42 |
Note. Cannabis abuse was the reference group. Predictors were entered simultaneously to identify unique predictors of CUD. Bolded ORs and CIs illustrate significant relationships.
*
Other Anxiety Disorder includes GAD, Panic Disorder, and Specific Phobia.
**
Other drug use disorders include sedative, tranquilizer, opioid, amphetamine, cocaine, hallucinogen, inhalant/solvent, heroin, and other drugs (excluding cannabis, alcohol, and nicotine).