Fig. 1.

Enrolment of study subjects. Single asterisk denotes exclusion criteria: recruitment for other studies, 18 years of age or older, no infusion therapy during the stay in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Double asterisk denotes other reasons for exclusion: no informed consent due to foreign language and ethical reasons. In four patients allocated to the filter group the intervention was discontinued. One patient in the control group and 8 patients in the filter group were excluded due to incorrect allocation. Fourteen patients (8 control, 6 filter group) were excluded during the final validation because of incomplete data in the medical charts