1-D Fourier transforms of cardiac samples a Rat cardiac muscle, b Myectomy control sample M24, c Cardiac HCM samples MH1, d M9 and e cMyBP-C-ko muscle. The plots are aligned precisely with red lines going through the 43, 21.5, 14.3 nm spots (orders of 43 nm) and through the 38.5 nm spot corresponding to troponin. The 43 and 21.5 nm spots are referred to as forbidden meridionals, since they would not be observed if the thick filament symmetry was strictly helical. In MyBP-C-ko cardiac muscle, the 21.5-nm reflection is completely absent and the 43-nm peak is greatly diminished, but they are evident for HCM cardiac samples and rat cardiac muscle. a, e Reproduced from Luther et al. (2008) with permission from Elsevier. (Color figure online)