Table 2.
Logistic Regression models P, A, P+A, B1, P+A+B1, B2, and P+A+B1+B2
| Variable | Regression coefficient β | p value | Odds ratio (eβ) | CI 95% |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model P (Patients basic data) | ||||
| Age ≥ 60 | 1.234 | < 0.001 | 3.44 | 2.57-4.60 |
| constant | -2.268 | < 0.001 | - | - |
| Model A (Prehospital phase) | ||||
| Blood pressure < 90 mmHg | 0.891 | < 0.001 | 2.44 | 1.66-3.59 |
| Pulse rate ≥ 120/min | 0.554 | 0.018 | 1.74 | 1.10-2.76 |
| GCS ≤ 8 on-scene | 1.228 | < 0.001 | 3.41 | 2.47-4.72 |
| Anisocoria | 1.164 | < 0.001 | 3.20 | 2.28-4.51 |
| Constant | -2.911 | < 0.001 | - | - |
| Model P + A | ||||
| Age = 60 | 1.653 | < 0.001 | 5.23 | 3.72-7.34 |
| Blood pressure < 90 mmHg | 0.983 | < 0.001 | 2.67 | 1.79-3.99 |
| Pulse rate = 120/min | 0,780 | 0.001 | 2.18 | 1.35-3.53 |
| GCS = 8 on-scene | 1.353 | < 0.001 | 3.87 | 2.75-5.44 |
| Anisocoria | 1.311 | < 0.001 | 3.71 | 2.59-5.32 |
| Constant | -3.566 | < 0.001 | - | - |
| Model B1 (early trauma room phase) | ||||
| Oxygen saturation < 90% | 0.748 | 0.011 | 2.11 | 1.18-3.77 |
| Base excess > -8 | 1.306 | < 0.001 | 3.69 | 2.47-5.23 |
| Thromboplastin time < 50% | 0.997 | < 0.001 | 2.71 | 1.85-3.97 |
| GCS ≤ 8 on trauma room admission | 0.730 | < 0.001 | 2.08 | 1.40-3.08 |
| Anisocoria during trauma room phase | 1.907 | < 0.001 | 6.73 | 4.75-9.53 |
| Constant | -3.289 | < 0.001 | - | - |
| Model P + A + B1 | ||||
| Age ≥ 60 | 1.663 | < 0.001 | 5.28 | 3.69-7.54 |
| Blood pressure < 90 mmHg on-scene | 0.602 | 0.008 | 1.83 | 1.17-2.85 |
| GCS ≤ 8 on-scene | 1.110 | < 0.001 | 3.03 | 2.10-4.38 |
| Anisocoria on-scene | 0.700 | 0.004 | 2.01 | 1.25-3.25 |
| oxygen saturation < 90% in trauma room | 0.756 | 0.014 | 2.13 | 1.17-3.89 |
| Base excess ≤ -8 | 1.316 | < 0.001 | 3.73 | 2.40-5.80 |
| Thromboplastin time < 50% | 0.947 | < 0.001 | 2.58 | 1.72-3.90 |
| Anisocoria during trauma room phase | 1.294 | < 0.001 | 3.65 | 2.25-5.91 |
| Constant | -3.901 | < 0.001 | - | - |
| Model B2 (late trauma room phase) | ||||
| CCCM in trauma room | 1.074 | 0.003 | 2.93 | 1.45-5.90 |
| Blood transfusion | 0.432 | 0.018 | 1.54 | 1.01-2.21 |
| Massive transfusion (≥ 10 PRBC) | 0.850 | 0.001 | 2.34 | 1.41-3.86 |
| AIShead ≥ 3 | 0.987 | < 0.001 | 2.68 | 1.84-3.92 |
| AISmax | - | < 0.001 | - | - |
| AISmax = 4, or: | 0.549 | 0.048 | 1.73 | 1.00-3.28 |
| AISmax = 5 | 2.483 | < 0.001 | 12.00 | 6.63-21.64 |
| Constant | -4.235 | < 0.001 | - | - |
| Model P + A + B1 + B2 (final model) | ||||
| Age ≥ 60 | 1.730 | < 0.001 | 5.64 | 3.81-8.36 |
| GCS ≤ 8 on-scene | 0.752 | < 0.001 | 2.12 | 1.42-3.20 |
| Anisocoria on-scene | 0.647 | 0.018 | 1.91 | 1.12-3.28 |
| CCCM in trauma room | 1.333 | 0.001 | 3.80 | 1.67-8.63 |
| Massive transfusion (≥ 10 PRBC) | 0.772 | 0.006 | 2.17 | 1.25-3.75 |
| Base excess > -8 | 0.980 | < 0.001 | 2.66 | 1.64-4.31 |
| Thromboplastin time < 50% | 0.711 | 0.003 | 2.04 | 1.28-3.23 |
| Anisocoria during trauma room phase | 1.251 | < 0.001 | 3.45 | 2.03-6.01 |
| AISmax | - | < 0.001 | - | - |
| AISmax = 4, or: | 0.345 | 0.280 | 1.41 | 0.94-2.73 |
| AISmax = 5 | 2.199 | < 0.001 | 9.02 | 4.92-16.51 |
| Constant | -4.857 | < 0.001 | - | - |
P Patients basic data; A Prehospital phase; B1 early trauma room phase; B2 late trauma room phase; GCS Glasgow outcome scale; CCCM closed chest cardiac massage; PRBC packed red blood cells; AIS abbreviated injury scale; Regression coefficient and ORs for the variable AISmax are not applicable due to the fact that this is a dummy variable. n = 2,354 patients, logistic regression (stepwise forward) with target variable mortality; variables sorted according to ATLS® A, B, C, D, E-criteria.