Figure 1.

(A) Study region, indicated by the red square, and Ecuador indicated in green; (B–D) predicted patterns of amplified fragment length polymorphism variation for separate generalized dissimilarity modeling analyses on the: (B) entire study area; (C) eastern side of Andes and Amazon lowlands; (D) western side of Andes and lowlands. Regions where wedge-billed woodcreepers do not occur are indicated in black and gray. Pairwise comparison of colors between any two points in the landscape indicates the genetic differentiation between those two points: larger color differences correspond to larger genetic differences (see color bars). Red dots indicate sampling localities. See also Fig. S6.