Table 1. Patient-level characteristics at ART initiation.^a .

Characteristics	Total		Late ART initiators		Non-late ART initiators
	(N = 36,411)		(N = 14,010)		(N = 22,401)		p-value
	N	(%)	n	(%)	n	(%)
Sex
Male	13,731	37.7	6,117	43.7	7,614	34.0	<0.001
Female (not pregnant at ART initiation)	21,828	59.9	7,752	55.3	14,076	62.8
Female (pregnant at ART initiation)	852	2.3	141	1.0	711	3.2
Age (years)
15–25	3,920	10.8	1,322	9.4	2,598	11.6	<0.001
26–30	6,871	18.9	2,693	19.2	4,178	18.7
31–35	7,452	20.5	2,951	21.1	4,501	20.1
35–40	5,983	16.4	2,450	17.5	3,533	15.8
41–45	4,755	13.1	1,930	13.8	2,825	12.6
>45	7,430	20.4	2,664	19.0	4,766	21.3
Point of entry
VCT	12,077	33.2	4,650	33.2	7,427	33.2	<0.001
PMTCT	1,308	3.6	202	1.4	1,106	4.9
TB/HIV	308	0.8	129	0.9	179	0.8
Inpatient	1,802	4.9	868	6.2	934	4.2
Outpatients	2,066	5.7	828	5.9	1,238	5.5
Otherb	16,015	44.0	6,118	43.7	9,897	44.2
Missing	2,835	7.8	1,215	8.7	1,620	7.2
Marital status
Single	10,789	29.6	4,299	30.7	6,490	29.0	<0.001
Married/In union	17,181	47.2	6,397	45.7	10,784	48.1
Widowed	2,913	8.0	1,021	7.3	1,892	8.4
Missing	5,528	15.2	2,293	16.4	3,235	14.4
Years of schooling
None/very low (≤3 years)	1,733	4.8	676	4.8	1,057	4.7	0.009
Primary school (4–8 years)	17,603	48.3	6,737	48.1	10,866	48.5
Secondary school or higher (>8 years)	8,216	22.6	3,069	21.9	5,147	23.0
Missing	8,859	24.3	3,528	25.2	5,331	23.8
Socio-economic status
Higher	12,020	33.0	4,623	33.0	7,397	33.0	0.041
Lower	22,651	62.2	8,668	61.9	13,983	62.4
Missing	1,740	4.8	719	5.1	1,021	4.6
Calendar year of ART initiation
2005	2,970	8.2	1,376	9.8	1,594	7.1	<0.001
2006	7,132	19.6	3,186	22.7	3,946	17.6
2007	10,579	29.1	3,953	28.2	6,626	29.6
2008	10,172	27.9	3,645	26.0	6,527	29.1
First half 2009	5,558	15.3	1,850	13.2	3,708	16.6

^aIncludes only individuals with available data.

^bIncludes referrals from other health facilities, youth centers, private clinics, laboratory, and emergency room.