Table 1. Dose-effect analysis of QT and non-QT prolongation inducers.
COMPOUND | CONCENTRATION | |||||
0.1 µM | 1 µM | 5 µM | 10 µM | 20 µM | 50 µM | |
Terfenadine | N | B | A | A | HF | HF |
Cisapride | N | N | A | VF | HF | HF |
Astemizole | N | A | HF | HF | HF | HF |
Haloperidiol | N | N | A | VF | VF | HF |
Digitoxin | ND | ND | N | B | HF | HF |
Nitrendipine | ND | N | B | B | VF | HF |
Four QT prolongation inducers (Terfenadine, Cisapride, Astemizole and Haloperidiol) and 2 non-QT prolongation inducers (Digitoxin and Nitrendipine) were tested on 48 hpf zebrafish embryos. Predominant observed effects are indicated: normal heart rate (N), bradycardia (B), 2∶1 arrhythmia (A), ventricle failure (VF), heart failure (HF).