Table 2.

The effect of walking speed in km/h on the changes per 2 days in cardiovascular risk factors

	HDL cholesterol	LDL cholesterol	Total cholesterol	Triglycerides	Systolic BP
	β (95% CI)	β (95% CI)	β (95% CI)	β (95% CI)	β (95% CI)
Model I	0.03 (0.02 to 0.05)*	0.02 (−0.02 to 0.06)	0.05 (0.01 to 0.09)*	−0.02 (−0.06 to 0.03)	0.03 (−0.74 to 0.80)
Model II	0.04 (0.02 to 0.05)*	0.02 (−0.02 to 0.06)	0.05 (0.01 to 0.10)*	−0.01 (−0.06 to 0.03)	−0.07 (−0.84 to 0.70)
Model III	0.04 (0.02 to 0.05)*	0.03 (−0.01 to 0.07)	0.06 (0.02 to 0.10)*	0.00 (−0.05 to 0.04)	−0.07 (−0.85 to 0.70)

	Diastolic BP	Weight	Waist circ.	Glucose
	β (95% CI)	β (95% CI)	β (95% CI)	β (95% CI)
Model I	0.01 (−0.43 to 0.45)	0.06 (−0.06 to 0.18)	0.15 (−0.25 to 0.56)	−0.01 (−0.05 to 0.03)
Model II	−0.01 (−0.45 to 0.42)	0.05 (−0.07 to 0.18)	0.07 (−0.33 to 0.47)	−0.02 (−0.06 to 0.02)
Model III	−0.03 (−0.47 to 0.41)	0.06 (−0.06 to 0.19)	0.18 (−0.21 to 0.57)	0.00 (−0.04 to 0.04)

The regression coefficient β (with 95% CI) denotes the mean change in the risk factor per 2 days which is associated with a 1 km/h higher walking speed. For example, a 1 km/h higher walking speed is associated with an increase in HDL cholesterol of 0.04 (95% CI 0.02 to 0.05) mmol/l (model III) per 2 days, translating to 0.24 (95% CI 0.12 to 0.30) mmol/l during the whole 12-day walking tour. Model I = crude, model II = age and gender and model III = age, gender, current smoking, BMI and heart rate at baseline.

^*p<0.05.

BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; waist circ., waist circumference; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; HDL, high-density lipoprotein.