. 2012 Apr 30;2012:403574. doi: 10.1100/2012/403574

Table 2.

Mineral concentrations in drinking water (DW) samples and the standard limits recommended by Malaysian Food Regulations and international regulations.

Drinking water	Na	Mg	K	Ca	Fe^a	Cu^a	Zn^a	Cr^a	Mn^a	Ni^a	As^a	Cd^a	Pb^a	F	Cl	NO₃	SO₄
DW 1	0.01	Tr	Tr	Tr	17.2	1.7	Tr	2.56	ND	1.04	0.47	0.85	3.80	0.24	36.33	0.11	Tr
DW 2	0.31	Tr	0.11	Tr	23.4	0.2	0.6	0.32	ND	0.22	0.15	0.50	1.50	0.21	39.28	0.28	2.23
DW 3	0.64	Tr	0.13	Tr	41.3	1.0	0.8	Tr	ND	0.l3	Tr	0.78	1.80	0.71	35.12	0.33	Tr
DW 4	Tr	Tr	Tr	Tr	42.1	0.6	2.7	Tr	ND	0.49	0.17	0.48	1.57	Tr	42.36	0.31	4.15
DW 5	0.31	Tr	0.14	Tr	35.5	0.4	1.8	Tr	1.0	0.27	0.17	0.49	2.34	0.30	42.24	0.45	1.05
DW 6	0.38	0.003	0.38	0.15	37.9	1.2	1.4	Tr	ND	0.67	0.14	0.40	0.66	0.10	38.17	0.13	3.04
DW 7	0.30	Tr	0.86	0.02	28.7	1.0	1.8	Tr	ND	0.45	0.35	0.41	0.51	0.19	42.41	0.26	3.00
DW 8	Tr	Tr	Tr	Tr	43.3	2.8	2.0	Tr	2.0	2.09	0.25	0.43	Tr	0.19	Tr	0.12	2.03
DW 9	0.84	Tr	0.001	Tr	37.0	3.6	1.4	Tr	31.0	0.36	0.02	0.38	Tr	Tr	Tr	0.23	1.04
DW 10	0.67	0.03	0.60	0.18	36.7	4.1	1.5	Tr	15.0	0.26	Tr	0.43	0.28	0.27	Tr	0.32	6.05
DW 11	10.68	9.03	3.43	1.67	38.4	5.3	1.3	1.51	11.0	0.38	1.68	0.49	3.92	0.32	Tr	2.27	3.00
DW 12	1.48	0.45	1.38	0.30	30.2	5.7	0.3	Tr	ND	0.31	0.36	0.38	Tr	0.43	Tr	0.12	13.0
DW 13	9.48	12.29	3.8	1.64	36.6	6.9	0.5	0.19	12.0	0.36	1.11	0.42	1.34	0.18	Tr	1.36	52.02
DW 14	6.01	3.71	3.29	1.10	34.8	7.3	2.3	0.96	ND	0.64	0.39	0.42	0.24	0.19	Tr	1.52	1.01
WHO 2006	200	—	—	—	300	2000	—	50	500	20	10	3	10	1.5	250	50	500
EU 1998	200	—	—	—	200	2000	—	50	50	20	10	5	10	1.5	250	50	250
USEPA 2009	—	—	—	—	300	1300	5000	100	50	—	10	5	15	4	250	10	250
MR 1985-360B	200	150	—	—	300	1000	5000	50	100	—	50	5	50	1.5	250	10	400

All data were presented as mean of three replicates (mg/L). ^aConcentration of minerals in μg/L. Tr: trace; ND: not detected; WHO: World Health Organization Guidelines; EU: European Union Standards; USEPA: United States Environmental Protection Agency Drinking Water Contaminants Regulations; MR: Malaysian Food Regulations.