Table 1.
Study sites and their meteorological conditions in 2009 and 2010
| Average temperature (°C) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Location* | Altitude (m) | Annual | Summer | Winter | Maximum (°C) | Minimum (°C) | First frost date | Snow depth† (cm) |
| Mt. top | 1459 | −0.05 | 10.80 | −9.65 | 26.88 | −21.49 | 6 October | – |
| Population | 1200 | 1.75 | 9.88 | −6.43 | 24.82 | −20.21 | 8 October | – |
| Population and site | 1100 | 1.99 | 10.40 | −6.46 | 27.06 | −21.72 | 9 October | 280 |
| Population and site | 930 | 2.57 | 11.01 | −5.92 | 26.16 | −20.64 | 9 October | 248 |
| Population and site | 730 | 3.81 | 12.11 | −4.53 | 26.99 | −20.17 | 10 October | 123 |
| Population and site | 530 | 4.80 | 12.98 | −3.41 | 28.10 | −19.33 | 16 October | 112 |
| Population and site | 420 | 5.55 | 13.72 | −2.66 | 28.57 | −18.52 | 31 October | – |
| Population and site | 230 | 6.53 | 14.79 | −1.78 | 32.25 | −20.26 | 10 November | 42 |
Winter and summer average temperatures were calculated from continuous data collected from October 2009 to March 2010 and from April to September 2010, respectively. The first frost date indicates the first date with a temperature <0°C in autumn 2009.
*
Population, site, and Mt. top refer to the seed source population, the reciprocal transplantation site at a given altitude, and the crest of Mt. Dairoku, respectively.
†
Data refers to the maximum snow depth derived from the monitoring during 1974–1975 by the University of Tokyo Hokkaido Forest (UTHF).