Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of Participants According to Group
| Characteristic | Control group (n=8) | Treatment group (n=8) | p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age–mean years (±SD) | 56.0 (11.9) | 52.4 (14.6) | 0.6 |
| Karnofsky Performance Status | 76.3 (7.4) | 71.3 (8.3) | 0.2 |
| Sex–% (n) | 0.5 | ||
| Female | 100 (8) | 75 (6) | |
| Male | 0 (0) | 25 (2) | |
| Race–% (n) | 1.0 | ||
| White | 62.5 (5) | 62.5 (5) | |
| Nonwhite | 37.5 (3) | 37.5 (3) | |
| Cancer type–% (n) | 0.6 | ||
| Breast | 62.5 (5) | 37.5 (3) | |
| Othera | 37.5 (3) | 62.5 (5) | |
| Cancer stage–% (n) | 1.0 | ||
| Nonmetastatic | 62.5 (5) | 50 (4) | |
| Metastatic | 37.5 (3) | 50 (4) | |
| Prior treatment–% (n) | |||
| Chemotherapy | 37.5 (3) | 50 (4) | 1.0 |
| Radiation | 0 (0) | 12.5 (1) | 1.0 |
| Surgery | 50 (4) | 37.5 (3) | 1.0 |
| Working % (n) | 50 (4) | 37.5 (3) | 1.0 |
| Percent class attendance | 100b | 97 | 0.6 |
| Average daily home practice–hours per week (SD) | 2.4 (1.3)b | 3.2 (2.8) | 0.5 |
a
Other=gastrointestinal cancer, gynecologic cancer, lymphoproliferative disease, lung cancer.
b
Control group/delayed treatment: received pranayama during cycle B (after crossover).
SD, standard deviation.