A. Reduced median network of haplogroup G2a1a-P18 was constructed using all available (worldwide) STR haplotypes for this haplogroup, with a reduction threshold r=1.00 based on non-weighted data from 15 STRs (DYS19, DYS389I, DYS389b, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, DYS393, DYS437, DYS438, DYS439, DYS448, DYS456, DYS458, DYS635, GATA_H4). Black dotted lines designate clusters selected in our study for age estimations.
B. Reduced median network of haplogroup C-M208 in Polynesia (modified from Zhivotovsky et al., 2004). Red dotted lines designate clusters selected by Zhivotovsky et al. (2004) for estimating the evolutionary effective mutation rate.