Figure 3.

The DGK inhibitor R59022 inhibits pollen tube growth, whereas the LPP inhibitors NEM, PG, and propranolol promote pollen tube growth. Pollen tubes were incubated for 90 min in germination medium supplemented with specified concentrations of R59022 (A), NEM (B), PG (C), and propranolol (D). The pollen tubes were then fixed with 3.7% formaldehyde and the length of pollen tubes was measured. At least 120 cells were measured for each treatment in two independent experiments. Data represent the average pollen tube length ± SEM. Significant difference from the control samples is indicated by an asterisk (ANOVA, Kruskal–Wallis test, p < 0.05).