Table 2.
Seed size in mother plants and offspring performance for the common scenario of Case 1 where plant types are indistinguishable and for Case 2 with distinct plant types.
| Variable | Exp. Year | Case 1 (disregarding plant types) | Case 2 (distinguishing between plant types) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plant-type P | Plant-type W | |||||||||
| 280 ppm | 440 ppm | 600 ppm | 280 ppm | 440 ppm | 600 ppm | 280 ppm | 440 ppm | 600 ppm | ||
| MOTHER PLANTS | ||||||||||
| Seed size (mg) | Pre-exp. | 11.1 (0.8) | 9.4 (0.5) | 9.5 (0.3) | 12.0 (0.9)a | 10.1 (0.6)b | 9.6 (0.4)b | 9.6 (0.9)b | 8.9 (0.4)b | 9.5 (0.6)b |
| OFFSPRING | ||||||||||
| Seedling emergence (days after sowing) | 2006 | 5.9 (0.2) | 5.9 (0.1) | 6.3 (0.6) | 5.8 (0.3) | 5.7 (0.4) | 5.3 (0.2) | 6.5 (0.2) | 6.5 (0.6) | 6.8 (0.8) |
| 2007 | 10.3 (0.7) | 11.5 (0.3) | 10.8 (0.9) | 9.5 (0.7) | 11.0 (1.0) | 10.0 (0.7) | 12.3 (1.3) | 11.7 (0.4) | 11.3 (0.9) | |
| Anthesis (days after sowing) | 2006 | 71.0 (1.4) | 73.2 (1.9) | 73.1 (0.7) | 68.9 (0.6) | 70.1 (2.6) | 71.3 (1.4) | 72.8 (2.9) | 75.1 (1.0) | 74.2 (0.6) |
| 2007 | 74.0 (0.8) | 74.2 (1.4) | 74.0 (0.3) | 73.0 (1.6) | 73.8 (1.4) | 73.1 (0.6) | 75.1 (0.3) | 74.4 (1.4) | 74.2 (0.5) | |
| Shoot biomass (mg per individual) | 2005 | 676 (49)a | 554 (6)b | 564 (8)b | 756 (40) | 644 (39) | 664 (62) | 585 (87) | 484 (26) | 484 (11) |
| 2006 | 338 (17) | 318 (46) | 311 (22) | 384 (6) | 403 (41) | 391 (28) | 241 (32) | 269 (25) | 243 (23) | |
| Number of fruits per individual plant | 2005 | 3.94 (0.22)a | 3.35 (0.13)b | 3.33 (0.05)ab | 4.50 (0.29) | 3.28 (0.15) | 2.92 (0.46) | 3.44 (0.29) | 3.40 (0.10) | 3.67 (0.44) |
| 2006 | 1.71 (0.12) | 1.56 (0.24) | 1.68 (0.16) | 1.90 (0.10) | 2.04 (0.27) | 2.02 (0.23) | 1.49 (0.15) | 1.13 (0.09) | 1.34 (0.05) | |
| 2007 | 3.89 (0.32) | 3.98 (0.30) | 4.08 (0.04) | 3.53 (0.11) | 3.92 (0.36) | 3.72 (0.17) | 4.67 (0.88) | 4.02 (0.27) | 4.43 (0.20) | |
| Number of seeds per individual plant | 2006 | 4.71 (0.26) | 4.28 (0.70) | 4.15 (0.42) | 5.40 (0.28) | 5.92 (0.71) | 5.42 (0.34) | 3.69 (0.54) | 2.94 (0.14) | 2.99 (0.31) |
| 2007 | 9.07 (0.69) | 9.03 (0.56) | 9.40 (0.23) | 8.89 (0.46) | 10.58 (1.18) | 9.80 (0.61) | 9.42 (1.21) | 8.24 (0.26) | 9.60 (0.70) | |
| Seed size (mg) | 2007 | 14.8 (0.3) | 13.8 (0.7) | 14.7 (0.5) | 16.2 (0.6) | 15.1 (0.7) | 17.0 (0.4) | 12.4 (0.5) | 13.1 (0.9) | 13.2 (0.3) |
Data presented are mean ± 1 SE of n = 3 model ecosystems. Non-identical letters (a, b) designate statistically significant differences (P = 0.05, Tukey–Kramer HSD) among maternal CO2 treatments (Case 1; shoot biomass, number of fruits per individual plant, 2005) or combinations of maternal CO2 and plant type (Case 2; seed size of mother plants).